May 09 2014
Newsletter May 2014
Next Meeting
Spiritual Odysseys
Chaired by
Margaret Feist
Thursday, 22nd MAY
Highgate Church buildings,
Maori Hill
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In another context, I learned that the writings of Galen, the ‘doctor to the gladiators’ in Rome, were translated by Arabs and those that did the translating were amongst the most highly paid civil servants of the day. That speaks volumes of the high importance they placed on scientific knowledge.
Nature vs Nurture
During Summer School at University, there was a series of discussions around the topic of Perceptions of Reality. One discussion which I found particularly stimulating dealt with the question ‘Are humans inherently aggressive?’
Prof Charles Higham (Archaeology) made the point that our closest cousins, the chimpanzees, are quite vicious, especially in territorial disputes, but also when dealing with transgressions within their group. In early times man certainly was aggressive, the analysis of many skeletons at numerous sites worldwide show wounds delivered by clubs or swords, the evidence of ritual sacrifice and the graves often contain weapons, presumably to assist the dead person in the journey in the life thereafter. There is plenty of evidence in the early record to show that whole groups were wiped out at different times.
Prof Robert Patman (Politics) wondered if there was something that leads man to war, as there have been many wars and they result in huge numbers of deaths. He remarked that man is the only animal to enjoy cruelty, and we all know there are many examples of that, historically and currently. If society is strongly patriarchal and authoritarian there is a much greater chance of war, maybe the gender imbalance has a lot to do with it. Over time, there have been moves to peace treaties and now with a move away from unfettered sovereignty, issues facing the whole world can be tackled by co-operation between states – agreements on use of water, fishing rights, climate change, nuclear weapons proliferation etc being examples of the need for international co-operation.
Prof Kevin Clements (Peace and Conflict Studies) noted that there are now 7 billion of us and that alone reflects the relative decrease in deaths by violence. The last 500 years have been far less violent than the centuries before. There is no ‘violence gene’ in the brain so far as we know and the rise of international organisations such as the United Nations, Amnesty International etc shows that there is a general move towards working together to solve problems and for some formerly violent states to become peace loving (Sweden for example). Governments are not free to mistreat their peoples without a reaction from the international community.
This led me to reflect that whilst man’s innate NATURE may have a tendency towards violence, there is plenty of evidence that NURTURE can overcome that tendency.
Gratitude
If the only prayer you said in your whole life was, “thank you,” that would suffice.
– Meister Eckhart
Gratitude is not only the greatest of virtues, but the parent of all the others.
– Cicero